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Glossary

Click on a letter to browse the terms associated with it.

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MPEG	Moving Picture Experts Group. MPEG is an ISO/IEC working group, established in 1988 to develop standards for digital audio and video formats. There are five MPEG standards being used or in development. Each compression standard was designed with a specific application and bit rate in mind, although MPEG compression scales well with increased bit rates.
MPEG-1	Designed for up to 1.5 Mbps. Standard for the compression of moving pictures and audio. This was based on CD-ROM video applications, and is a popular standard for video on the Internet, transmitted as .mpg files. Level 3 of MPEG-1 is popular for audio and is known as MP3.
MPEG-2	Designed for between 1.5 and 15 Mbps. Standard on which digital television set top boxes and DVD compression are based. It is based on MPEG-1, but designed for the compression and transmission of digital broadcast television. The most significant enhancement from MPEG-1 is its ability to efficiently compress interlaced video.
MPEG-4	Standard for multimedia and Web compression. MPEG-4 is based on object-based compression, similar in nature to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language. Individual objects within a scene are tracked separately and compressed together to create an MPEG-4 file. This results in very efficient compression that is very scalable, from low bit rates to very high. It also allows developers to control objects independently in a scene, and therefore introduce interactivity.
Multicast	Multicast is a set of technologies that enable efficient delivery of the same data to many locations on a network. In today's Internet, the dominant model of communication is "unicast" – the data source must create a separate copy of the data using for each recipient. When large amounts of data (e.g., streaming video) are being sent, unicast becomes prohibitively wasteful bandwidth. Multicast uses the network infrastructure itself to create each recipient's copy of the data at a point as close to that recipient as possible, thus minimizing the bandwidth consumed.